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Introductory Topics
- The Editing Team
- History of Pediatric Anesthesia
- Pediatric Anesthesia Worldwide
- Measuring Outcome in Pediatric Anesthesia
- Basic Pediatric Concepts
Training/Education/Certification
- The Making of a Pediatric Anesthesiologist
- Certified Registered Nurse Anesthestists - CRNA
- Anaesthesia Associates - AA
- Test Your Knowledge
- Managing Knowledge
Basic Clinical Information [Outside Sources]
- WFSA PaedsUpdateContents_30 Volume 30 - June 2015 (Wiki Format)
- WFSA PaedsUpdateContents_37 Volume 37 - October 2023 (Wiki Format) (PDF Format)
- WFSA PaedsUpdateContents_39 (PDF Format)
- Society for Pediatric Anesthesia Lecture Series
- OpenPediatrics for Anesthesiology
- Pediatric Anesthesiology Comprehensive Board Review (Oxford)
- ASAđ Resident Study Guides
- ABA Pediatric Anesthesiology Exam Content Outline
Textbooks
The Growing Child
Anatomy & Physiology
- Respiratory System
- Cardiovascular System
- Renal System
- Endocrine System
- Nervous System
- Temperature Regulation
- Fluid & Electrolytes
- Coagulation & Bleeding
- Pharmacology
- Epigenetics
- Infection Control
- Neurocognitive Risk
Monitoring
- Standard Monitoring
- Neuromonitoring - IOM
- Thromboelastography - TEG
- Pacemakers
- Automated Internal Defibrillators
- Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
- Electroencephalography - EEG
- Precordial Doppler
- Depth of Anesthesia
- Alarm Fatigue
Ethical Issues in Pediatric Anesthesia
- Ethical Constructs relevant to Pediatric Anesthesia
- The Emancipated Minor
- Assent/Consent
- The child of a Jehovah's Witness
- Anesthesia in Low Resource Settings
- Global Pediatric Anesthesia
- VIP Care
- End of Life
- Racial Disparities in Care
- Child Abuse, Neglect, and Protection
Error, Judgement, and The Law
Clinical Techniques
Preoperative Assessment
- General Preoperative Assessment
- Psychological Preparation of the Pediatric Patient & Family
- The Fetus
- The Pre-Term Infant
- The Infant
- The Child
- The Adolescent
- The Adult-aged Pediatric Patient
- The Former Premature Patient
- Upper Respiratory Infection
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Preoperative Fasting
- Vaccination Status
- Child Trafficking
- Pregnancy Testing
- Social Determinants of Care
- Herbal Supplements
Pre-anesthetic Medication
Pediatric Sedation
Ambulatory Anesthesia
- Criteria for Outpatient Care
- Facility Requirements for Outpatient Care
- Risks/Advantages of Outpatient Care
Anesthetic Induction
- Physiology of Anesthesia
- Parental Presence During Induction
- Magic as a Distraction Technique
- Distracting Devices
- Psychological Preparation of the Pediatric Patient & Family
Maintenance of Anesthesia
- Fluid Management
- Neuromuscular Blockade
- Blood Products
- Temperature Management
- Positioning
- Ventilation
- Controlled Hypotension
- Electrocautery
- Depth of Anesthesia
Drugs
- Volatile Anesthetics
- Propofol
- Dexmedetomidine
- Opiates
- Opioid Free Techniques
- Target Controlled Infusion - TCI
- Hypnosis
- Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents
- Ketamine
- Esmolol
- Adenosine
- Benzodiazepines
- Perioperative Steroids
- Antibiotics
- Acetaminophen
- Methylene Blue
- Insulin Pumps
- Parasympatholytics
- Bicarbonate
- Succinylcholine
- Rubber Coring
Emergence/Recovery from Anesthesia
- Deep Extubation
- Emergence Delirium
- Post Operative Nausea & Vomiting
- Pain Management in the Recovery Room
- Post Obstructive Pulmonary Edema
- Intraoperative Awareness and Recall
- Post Operative Apnea
- Early Mobilization
Airway Management
- Basic Airway Anatomy of the Pediatric Patient
- Syndromes and Airway Assessment
- Basic Airway Management of the Pediatric Patient
- Laryngeal Mask Airway
- Basic Laryngoscopy and Intubation
- Basic Nasal Intubation
- Basic Ventilation
- Advanced Ventilation
- Emergency Airway Management
- Complications of Airway Management
- Laryngospasm
- Nebulization
- Extubation
- Deep Extubation
Vascular Access
- Intravenous catheter placement & Care
- Central Venous Catheter placement & Care
- Intraosseous Access & Care
- Arterial catheter placement & Care
- Intranasal Drug Delivery
- Needlestick Injury
Regional Blockade
- Local Anesthetics in Children
- Local Anesthetic Adjuncts in Children
- Continuous Catheter Infusion (Outside of Hospital)
- Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity - LAST
- Nerve Complications of Regional Blockade
- Peripheral Nerve Stimulation
- Compartment Syndrome and Regional Blockade
- Post-Dural Puncture Headache
- Rebound Pain after Nerve Block
- Vasodilatory Effect of Blockade
Blocks:
- Head & Neck (Palatal, Buccal, Supraorbital & Trochlear Nerve Blocks, Oral Nerve Blocks, Superficial Cervical Plexus Block, Suprazygomatic Maxillary Nerve, Infraorbital Nerve Block, Scalp Blocks, Ophthalmic Blocks)
- Upper Extremity (Interscalene, Supraclavicular, Infraclavicular, Axillary, Peripheral Arm, Intravenous Regional (Bier))
- Abdomen (Rectus Sheath, Transversus Abdominus Plane, Quadratus Lumborum, Ileoinguinal/Ileohypogastric, Pudendal, Penile)
- Lower Extremity (Lumbar Plexus, PENG, Femoral, Adductor Canal, 4 in 1, Sciatic, Popliteal, iPACK, Ankle)
Blood Conservation Techniques
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
- Intraoperative Cardiac Arrest
- Pediatric CPR
- Code Teams
- PALS Protocols
- Prone CPR
- ECMO
- CPR Coach
- Crisis Management
- Parental Presence During Resuscitation / CPR
- Breaking Bad News
Syndromes/Disorders
Syndromes & Rare Diseases in Pediatrics: Anesthesia
Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center
StatPearls (National Library of Medicine)
- Achalasia
- Achondroplasia
- Acute Flaccid Myelitis
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Alpha-Gal Syndrome
- Anaphylaxis
- Angelman Syndrome
- Apert Syndrome
- Asthma
- Autism Spectrum
- Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
- Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
- Brugada Syndrome
- Cardiac Tamponade
- Cardiomyopathy
- Cerebral Palsy
- CHARGE association
- Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
- Cleft lip and/or palate
- Cleidocranial dysplasia
- Cocaine Use
- Conjoined Twins
- Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
- COVID
- Craniosynostosis
- Croup
- Cystic Fibrosis
- DiGeorge syndrome (22q11.2 deletion syndrome)
- Diabetes
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
- Down Syndrome
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Early (J Point) Repolarization
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
- Epidermolysis Bullosa
- Factor V Leiden
- Fanconi Anemia
- Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome
- Genetic Disease
- G6PD
- Goldenhar syndrome
- GuillainâBarrĂ© syndrome
- Hereditary Angioedema
- Hereditary Spherocytosis
- Heterotaxy Syndrome
- Hiccups
- Inherited metabolic disorders
- Intrauterine Drug Exposure
- Kartagener's syndrome
- Ketogenic Diet
- Klippel-Feil syndrome
- Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome
- Leighâs Syndrome
- Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
- Long QT Syndrome
- Malignant Hyperthermia
- Marijuana Use
- Mastocytosis
- Medical Child Abuse
- Medium-chain acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency
- Menkes Disease
- Mesenteric Traction Syndrome
- Minimal Change Disease
- Mitochondrial Disease
- Möbius syndrome
- Monkeypox
- Moya Moya Syndrome
- Mucopolysaccharidoses
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Myotonic dystrophies
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
- Niemann-Pick Disease
- Nonaccidental Trauma
- Noonan syndrome
- Obesity
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Ophthalmologic Disease
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Pacemakers
- Papillomatosis
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Periodic Fever Syndromes
- Pheochromocytoma
- Pierre Robin sequence
- Polycythemia Vera
- Porphyria
- Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)
- Prader-Willi Syndrome
- Priapism
- Pseudocholinesterase Deficiency
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Red-Head (MC1R) variant
- Renal Agenesis
- Retinopathy of Prematurity
- Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome
- Sepsis
- Sickle Cell Disease
- Smoking and Vaping
- Special Needs
- Spina Bifida
- Spinal Cord Injury
- Spinal Muscular Atrophy
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- Stickler Syndrome
- Stroke
- Sturge Weber
- Substance Use Disorder
- Tetanus
- Thyrotoxicosis
- Treacher Collins syndrome
- Trochlear Palsey
- Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Turner syndrome
- VACTERR (or VACTERL) association
- Vein of Galen Malformation
- Venous Thromboembolism
- Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome
- Von Willibrandâs Disease
- Waardenburg syndrome
- Williams Syndrome
- Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Procedure Based Discussions
General Surgery
- Appendectomy
- Bariatric
- Bronchoscopy
- Burns
- Button Battery Ingestion
- Central Line Placement (Hickman/Broviac/Infusaport)
- Chest Tube - Thoracentesis
- Cholelithiasis
- Cystic Adenomatous Malformation (CAM)
- Diaphragmatic Hernia
- Duodenal Atresia
- Gastrochisis
- Inguinal Hernia
- Kasai Procedure
- Laparoscopy
- Magnet Ingestion
- Malrotation
- Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- Neuroblastoma
- Omphalocoele
- Ovarian Torsion
- Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum
- Pheochromocytoma
- Pyloric Stenosis
- Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
- Thoracotomy
- Thymectomy
- Thyroid/Parathyroid
- Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula
- Tracheopexy
- Trauma
- Umbilical Hernia
- Umbilical Herniorrphy
Transplant
Otolarngology/Head & Neck Surgery(ENT)
- Auditory Evoked Potentials
- Bleeding Upper Airway
- Bone Anchored Hearing Aid (BAHA)
- Bronchoscopy
- Cricoid Split Procedure
- Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE)
- Epiglottitis
- EXIT Procedure
- Foreign Body in Airway
- Glottic Web
- Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulators
- Laryngotracheal Reconstruction
- Mastoidectomy
- Myringotomy Tubes
- Papillomatosis
- Retropharyngeal Abscess
- Suspension Micro Laryngoscopy
- Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
- Tonsillectomy/Adenoidectomy
- Tracheostomy
Fetal
Dental/Oral Surgery
Orthopedics
- Idiopathic Scoliosis
- Neuromuscular Scoliosis
- Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
- Upper Extremity Fracture
- Lower Extremity Fracture
- Bone Cement
- Compartment Syndrome
- Tourniquet Use
- Clubfoot Repair
- Total Knee Arthroplasty
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Repair
Neurosurgery
- General Neurosurgery
- Brain Tumor Craniotomy
- Arnold Chiari Malformation
- Ventriculo-Peritoneal Shunt
- Spinal Cord Untethering
- Encephalocele
- Spinal Cord Injury
- Awake Craniotomy
- Vagal Nerve Stimulator
- Arteriovenous Malformation
- Traumatic Brain Injury
- Air Embolism
- Spina Bifida - Myelomeningocele
- Pituitary Surgery
- Craniosynostosis
- Tethered Cord
- Rhizotomy
Plastics
- Craniosynostosis
- Craniofacial Reconstruction
- Cleft lip and/or palate
- LeFort Advancement
- Pierre Robin Mandibular Distraction
- Septo-Rhinoplasty
Urology
- Circumcision
- Inguinal Hernia
- Cystoscopy
- Hypospadias
- Ureteral Re-Implantation
- Bladder Augmentation
- Neonatal Exstrophy
- Testicular Torsion
- Orchiopexy
- Robotic Surgery
Transgender Topics
Ophthalmology
- Strabismus
- Glacoma
- Retina
- Retinoblastoma
- Nasolacrimal Duct
- Ptosis
- Open Globe
- Orbital Trauma/Fracture
Cardiac/Congenital Heart Disease
- Basic Cardiac Principles
- Transitional Circulation
- Cyanotic Lesions
- Non-cyanotic Lesions
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass
- Cardiac Catheterization
- Non-Cardiac Procedures
Gastroenterology
- Upper Endoscopy
- Lower Endoscopy/Colonoscopy
- Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreaticogram
- Liver Biopsy
Oncology
- Perioperative Care of the Child with Cancer
- Lumbar Puncture
- Bone Marrow Aspirate/Biopsy
- Bone Marrow Harvest
- Anterior Mediastinal Mass
- Wilmsâ Tumor
- Radiation Therapy
Robotic Surgery
Maternal-Fetal
Radiology
Psychiatry
Pain Management
- WFSA: Perioperative analgesic pharmacology in children
- Overview of Pain in Children
- Factors that Modulate Pediatric Pain
- Assessment of Pain in Children
- Multimodal Pain Management in Children
- Pain Treatment in Children
- Patient/Nurse/Parent Controlled Analgesia
- Patient Controlled Epidural Anesthesia
- Cancer Pain
- Hypnosis
- Honey
- Pain Management in the Intensive Care Unit
- Cryoanalgesia
Palliative Care
- Principles of Pediatric Palliative Care
- Transitioning to Palliative Care
- Setting Goals
- Techniques in the Palliative Setting
- End of Life Care
Operational/Procedural Topics
Care of the Pediatric Anesthesiologist
- Ergonomics and Physical Factors
- Psychologic Stress
- Imposter Syndrome
- Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
- Clinical Decision-Making
- Performance and Compensation
- The Aging Anesthesiologist
- Academic Matters
Operating Suite Design and Implementation
- Medical Language Interpretation
- Pre-operative Evaluation Center
- Pre-operative In-Take
- Operating Room Design
- Post-anesthesia Care Unit
- Remote Anesthesia Locations
- Scheduling Strategies
- Environmental and Occupational Considerations
- Intraoperative Communication
- Personal Electronic Devices
Sedation of the Pediatric Patient
Recovery of the Pediatric Patient
- Post Operative Nausea & Vomiting
- Pain Management in the Recovery Room
- Post-Operative Nursing Care
- Emergence Delirium
- Delayed Emergence