Caudal
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Relevant Article Depot:
Caudal Epidural Block: An Updated Review of Anatomy and Techniques
Dexmedetomidine as an adjunct for caudal anesthesia and analgesia in children
Caudal anesthesia in pediatrics: an update
The Use of Epinephrine in Caudal Anesthesia Increases Stroke Volume and Cardiac Output in Children
Caudal anesthesia in children with shunt devices
The use of additives to local anaesthetic solutions for caudal epidural blockade
Ultrasound-guided caudal blockade and sedation for paediatric surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Detection of intravascular injection of regional anaesthetics in children
Test Your Knowledge: newborn spinal cord
Caudal analgesia, hypospadias, and urethrocutaneous fistula: Does association mean causality?
Caudal Blocks and Hypospadias Repair Complications-Much Ado about Nothing or the Real Deal?
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=caudal%20hypospadias
Kim HJ, Kim H, Lee S, Koh WU, Park SS, Ro Y. Reconsidering injection volume for caudal epidural block in young pediatric patients: a dynamic flow tracking experimental study. Regional anesthesia and pain medicine 2024;49(5):355-360. (In eng). DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2023-104409.
2. Ahmed Z, Mai C, Skinner KG, Yaster M. At the birth of pediatric anesthesia in Mexico: An interview with Dr. Estela Melman, a pioneering woman in medicine. Paediatric anaesthesia 2018;28(12):1066-1070. (In eng). DOI: 10.1111/pan.13518.
3. Hannallah RS, Broadman LM, Belman AB, Abramowitz MD, Epstein BS. Comparison of caudal and ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve blocks for control of post-orchiopexy pain in pediatric ambulatory surgery. Anesthesiology 1987;66(6):832-834.
4. Polaner DM, Taenzer AH, Walker BJ, et al. Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Network (PRAN): a multi-institutional study of the use and incidence of complications of pediatric regional anesthesia. Anesthesia and analgesia 2012;115(6):1353-64. (In eng). DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31825d9f4b.
5. Adler AC, Belon CA, Guffey DM, Minard CG, Patel NV, Chandrakantan A. Real-Time Ultrasound Improves Accuracy of Caudal Block in Children. Anesthesia and analgesia 2020;130(4):1002-1007. (In eng). DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004067.
6. Jain D, Hussain SY, Ayub A. Comparative evaluation of landmark technique and ultrasound-guided caudal epidural injection in pediatric population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Paediatric anaesthesia 2022;32(1):35-42. (In eng). DOI: 10.1111/pan.14332.
7. Boretsky KR, Camelo C, Waisel DB, et al. Confirmation of success rate of landmark-based caudal blockade in children using ultrasound: A prospective analysis. Paediatric anaesthesia 2020;30(6):671-675. (In eng). DOI: 10.1111/pan.13865.
8. Ponde V, Shah D, Nagdev T, Balasubramanian H, Boretsky K. Ultrasound determination of the dural sac to sacrococcygeal membrane distance in premature neonates. Regional anesthesia and pain medicine 2022;47(5):327-329. (In eng). DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2021-103344.
9. Brenner L, Marhofer P, Kettner SC, et al. Ultrasound assessment of cranial spread during caudal blockade in children: the effect of different volumes of local anaesthetics. British journal of anaesthesia 2011;107(2):229-35. (In eng). DOI: 10.1093/bja/aer128.
10. Sinha C, Kumar A, Sharma S, et al. Ultrasound assessment of cranial spread during caudal blockade in children: Effect of different volumes of local anesthetic. Saudi journal of anaesthesia 2017;11(4):449-453. (In eng). DOI: 10.4103/sja.SJA_284_17.
Eizaga Rebollar R, Carnota Martín AI, Borreiros Rodríguez E, Rojo Díez R. Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome Discovered during Ultrasound-guided Caudal Block. Anesthesiology. 2024 Jun 1;140(6):1203-1204. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004899. PMID: 38498665.
Koo BN, Hong JY, Song HT, Kim JM, Kil HK. Ultrasonography reveals a high prevalence of lower spinal dysraphism in children with urogenital anomalies. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 2012;56(5):624-8. (In eng). DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2011.02612.x.