Caudal
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Relevant Article Depot:
Caudal Epidural Block in Pediatric Anesthesia
Overview and Anatomy
Caudal Epidural Block: An Updated Review of Anatomy and Techniques
Test Your Knowledge: newborn spinal cord
Techniques and Guidance
Caudal anesthesia in pediatrics: an update
Real-Time Ultrasound Improves Accuracy of Caudal Block in Children
Ultrasound-guided caudal blockade and sedation for paediatric surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Tunnelling of caudal epidural catheters in infants
Dosing, Volume, and Drug Comparisons
The minimum local anesthetic concentration of ropivacaine for caudal analgesia in children
Adjuncts and Additives
The use of additives to local anaesthetic solutions for caudal epidural blockade
Dexmedetomidine as an adjunct for caudal anesthesia and analgesia in children
The Use of Epinephrine in Caudal Anesthesia Increases Stroke Volume and Cardiac Output in Children
Monitoring and Physiologic Effects
Detection of intravascular injection of regional anaesthetics in children
Outcomes and Safety
Special Populations and Conditions
Caudal anesthesia in children with shunt devices
Tethered Spinal Cord Syndrome Discovered during Ultrasound-guided Caudal Block
Ultrasound determination of the dural sac to sacrococcygeal membrane distance in premature neonates
Hypospadias and Urologic Surgery
Caudal analgesia, hypospadias, and urethrocutaneous fistula: Does association mean causality?
Caudal Blocks and Hypospadias Repair Complications-Much Ado about Nothing or the Real Deal?
Complications and Case Reports
Summary
- (Optional section for synthesis, conclusions, or optinon references)
What should an anesthesiologist tell a parent of a child getting a caudal block?
An anesthesiologist should inform a parent of a child receiving a caudal block about the procedure, potential risks, benefits, and what to expect. They might say:
- 1. Explanation of the procedure: Describe that a caudal block is a type of regional anesthesia that involves injecting medication near the lower end of the spine to numb the lower half of the body.
- 2. Purpose: Explain the purpose of the caudal block, which is often to provide pain relief during and after a surgical procedure in the lower part of the body.
- 3. Benefits: Discuss the potential benefits, such as reduced pain and discomfort during and after the surgery.
- 4. Risks: Mention possible risks, including infection, bleeding, nerve damage, and allergic reactions to the medication.
- 5. Anesthesia process: Describe how the child will receive the anesthesia and what monitoring will be in place to ensure their safety.
- 6. Pre-operative instructions: Provide any necessary pre-operative instructions, such as fasting guidelines, and answer any questions the parent may have.
- 7. Recovery: Explain the expected recovery process, including the duration of pain relief and any potential side effects or limitations.
- 8. Address concerns: Be receptive to any concerns or questions the parent may have, and provide reassurance as needed.
- 9. Consent: Ensure that the parent understands the procedure and its risks and benefits and obtain their informed consent.
- 10. Follow-up: Discuss the importance of post-operative follow-up and what to do if they have questions or concerns after the procedure.
It's essential for the anesthesiologist to maintain open communication, address parental concerns, and provide information in a clear and compassionate manner.