Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI

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Relevant Article Depot:

A Review of Magnetic Resonance (MR) Safety: The Essentials to Patient Safety

ED MRI: Safety, Consent, and Regulatory Considerations

The zones of MRI are defined as follows:

Zone 1

All areas that are freely accessible to the general public without supervision. This area is typically outside the magnetic resonance (MR) environment itself and is the area through which patients, health care personnel, and other employees of the MR site access the MR environment. Magnetic fields in this area are less than 5 Gauss.

Zone 2

This area is the interface between the publicly accessible, uncontrolled zone 1 and the strictly controlled zone 3. Typically, the patients are greeted in zone 2 and are not free to move throughout zone 2 at will, but rather are under the supervision of MRI technologists.

Zone 3

An area near the magnet room where the fringe, gradient, or radiofrequency magnetic fields are sufficiently strong to present a physical hazard to unscreened patients and personnel. All access to zone 3 is to be strictly restricted, with access to regions within it (including zone 4; see below) controlled by, and entirely under the supervision of, MR personnel.

Zone 4

This area is synonymous with the MR scanner magnet room itself. Zone 4, by definition, will always be located within zone 3, as it is the MR magnet and its associated magnetic field, which generates the existence of zone 3.

Per the ASA's practice advisory, there are several options for those requiring IV medications in the MRI environment. They can be administered by using (1) MRI safe/conditional pumps in zone 4; (2) traditional (i.e., MRI unsafe) pumps in zone 3 with IV tubing passed through a wave guide; or (3) periodic bolus injections in either zone 3 or 4.