This is a Stub Notice. This page has not been completed. You can work on this page by signing in and going to the Edit tab. Thanks for helping to make PedsAnesthesia.Net Wiki useful.
Go to the Main Page to see the Topic Outline.
Go to the Generalized Suggested Outline for information on case-specific details for each page.
Go to the Test Page for examples on how to use references in the page.
Relevant Article Depot:
See also: Leigh’s Syndrome
A review of anaesthetic outcomes in patients with genetically confirmed mitochondrial disorders
Mitochondrial Disease and Anesthesia
Anesthetic Hypersensitivity in a Case-Controlled Series of Patients With Mitochondrial Disease
Diagnosis and management of mitochondrial disease: a consensus statement from the Mitochondrial Medicine Society
Anesthetic considerations in patients with mitochondrial defects
Hypoxia ameliorates brain hyperoxia and NAD(+) deficiency in a murine model of Leigh syndrome
Hypoxia as a therapy for mitochondrial disease
Open Anesthesia: Anesthetic Considerations in Patients with Mitochondrial Disease
Mitochondrial diseases and anesthesia: a literature review of current opinions
Anesthesia for children with mitochondrial disorders: a national survey and review
Sevoflurane as opposed to propofol anesthesia preserves mitochondrial function and alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
Perioperative management of a child with short-chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.
Pediatr Anesth 2005; 15: 771-7.
Hsieh VC, Krane EJ, Morgan PG. Mitochondrial disease and anesthesia. JIEMS. 2017;5:1–5
Kishikawa J-I, Inoue Y, Fujikawa M, Nishimura K, Nakanishi A, Tanabe T, et al. General anesthetics cause mitochondrial dysfunction and reduction of intracellular ATP levels. PLoS ONE. 2018;13:e0190213. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190213
Anesthetic Management of a Child With Unspecified Mitochondrial Disease in an Outpatient Dental Setting
Effects of Isoflurane Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex I on Calcium Removal in Mouse Neuronal Cultures
MT-ND4
ASA Information Page
MT-ND4 gene: mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 4
Severe Neurological Complications and Death after General Anesthesia in Venezuelan Children(Forum thread)
Short Communication:Mitochondrial Genetic Susceptibility to Anesthetic Neurotoxicity in Venezuelan Pediatric Patients: A Call for Vigilance and Further Research
Joint Communication from the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia and American Society of Anesthesiologists Regarding Severe Neurological Complications and Death after General Anesthesia in Venezuelan Children
Part of the webinar series Hot Topics in Pediatric Anesthesia, presented by the Pediatric Anesthesia Committee of the Florida Society of Anesthesiologists, Rosalie Tassone, MD, Chair. "Bad Outcomes in Strange Times - Update on the ASA/SPA Communications Regarding Pediatric Patients of Venezuelan Families" presented by Luis Rodriguez, MD (originally presented on November 12, 2025)
Update regarding severe neurological complications and death after general anesthesia in adult and pediatric patients of Venezuelan ancestry (January 27, 2026)
Potential Mitochondrial Pharmacogenetic Susceptibility to Severe Neurologic Events after General Anesthesia: Report from the Chilean Ministry of Health
Hypoxia treatment reverses neurodegenerative disease in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome
Volatile anaesthetic toxicity in the genetic mitochondrial disease Leigh syndrome
Effects of a mitochondrial genetic variant on sevoflurane hypersensitivity
ESAIC News: Joint Statement on Anaesthesia-Related Mitochondrial Pharmacogenetic Risk in Individuals with Venezuelan Maternal Ancestry
KevinMD: How a hidden genetic mutation creates a severe pediatric anesthesia risk
Recomendaciones anestésicas frente a una variante genética infrecuente en población con ascendencia venezolana, con posible asociación a complicaciones neurológicas severas tras anestesia general (Anesthetic recommendations regarding a rare genetic variant in a population with Venezuelan ancestry, with a possible association with severe neurological complications following general anesthesia
Encefalopatía aguda asociada a anestesia general en un paciente adulto portador de la variante m.11232T>C en el gen MT-ND4 (An adult case of acute encephalopathy associated with general anesthesia and the m.11232T>C MT-ND4 variant)
Emerging Reports of Severe Neurological Complications Following General Anesthesia in Patients with Maternal Venezuelan Ancestry
Video for Parents (English)
Video for Parents (Español)
Anesthetic Risk Linked to Venezuelan Maternal Lineage
AIRS Case 2026-03: This Is Why We Have AIRS
Perioperative Practices for Patients of Venezuelan Ancestry
Mitochondrial Genetic Susceptibility to Anesthetics in Patients with Venezuelan Heritage