Volatile Anesthetics

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Low-flow Anesthesia in infants and children

Patient Safety and Low-Flow Anesthesia

Managing fresh gas flow to reduce environmental contamination.

Effect of left-to-right, mixed left-to-right, and right-to-left shunts on inhalational anesthetic induction in children: a computer model

Cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and fentanyl-midazolam in children with congenital heart disease: an echocardiographic study of myocardial contractility and hemodynamics

End-tidal Anesthetic Concentration: Monitoring, Interpretation, and Clinical Application

Pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and fentanyl/midazolam with 100% oxygen in children with congenital heart disease

End-tidal Anesthetic Concentration: Monitoring, Interpretation, and Clinical Application.

Off-Label Low-Flow Sevoflurane: Regulatory Red Herring or Liability Landmine?

The impact of sevoflurane anesthesia on postoperative renal function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials

An audit of inhalational anaesthetic agent usage in paediatric anaesthesia

Table: Inhalation anesthetic agents

Respiratory gas analysis

Epileptiform EEG discharges during sevoflurane anesthesia in children: A meta-analysis

Constant I, Seeman R, Murat I. Sevoflurane and epileptiform EEG changes. PaediatrAnaesth 2005;15:266-74.

Yozawitz E. Neonatal Seizures. N Engl J Med 2023;388:1692-700.

Chao JY, Legatt AD, Yozawitz EG, Adams DC, Delphin ES, Shinnar S. Electroencephalographic Findings and Clinical Behavior During Induction of Anesthesia With Sevoflurane in Human Infants: A Prospective Observational Study. Anesth Analg 2020;130:e161-e4.

Chao JY, Tam M, Ferrera A, Ivenitsky D, Gizzo L, Schwartz R, Legatt AD, Yozawitz EG, Lo Y, Li G, Shinnar S. Epileptiform discharges, electrographic seizures, and electroclinical seizures during paediatric sevoflurane anaesthesia: a systematic review and proposal for standard definitions. Br J Anaesth 2023;130:e18-e21.

Chao JY, Yozawitz EG, Legatt AD, Schwartz R, Lo Y, Li G, Shinnar S. Epileptiform discharges, electrographic seizures, and electroclinical seizures during paediatric sevoflurane anaesthesia. Response to Br J Anaesth 2023; 130: e423-4. Br J Anaesth 2023.

Gibert S, Sabourdin N, Louvet N, Moutard ML, Piat V, Guye ML, Rigouzzo A, Constant I. Epileptogenic effect of sevoflurane: determination of the minimal alveolar concentration of sevoflurane associated with major epileptoid signs in children. Anesthesiology 2012;117:1253-61.

Iijima T, Nakamura Z, Iwao Y, Sankawa H. The epileptogenic properties of the volatile anesthetics sevoflurane and isoflurane in patients with epilepsy. Anesth Analg 2000;91:989-95.

Kurita N, Kawaguchi M, Hoshida T, Nakase H, Sakaki T, Furuya H. The effects of sevoflurane and hyperventilation on electrocorticogram spike activity in patients with refractory epilepsy. Anesth Analg 2005;101:517-23.

Lerman J. Induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane in children: Curiosities and controversies. Paediatr Anaesth 2022;32:1100-3

Volatile versus intravenous anaesthesia and perioperative neurocognitive disorders: anything to see here?

Sevoflurane Versus Propofol for LMA® Removal in Awake Children: More Respiratory Adverse Effects or Faster Recovery of Airway Reflexes in More Awake Children?