A 2 day old male infant is scheduled for repair of duodenal atresia that was diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound. Which of the following elements of the preoperative assessment is NOT required for this patient?
a) Prenatal history
b) Transesophageal echocardiogram
c) Blood type and screen
d) Surgical consent
e) All of the above are required
Answer b. Patients diagnosed with duodenal atresia have an increased risk of Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) and may also have cardiac defects. If prenatal echocardiogram has not already been performed, postnatal echocardiogram may be important in the evaluation for occult congenital heart disease. However, transthoracic echocardiogram is sufficient and it would be unusual to required transesophageal echocardiogram. All of the other options should be assessed prior to induction of anesthesia in this patient. Choose all answers that are appropriate for each question