Environmental and Occupational Considerations

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Relevant Article Depot:

Environmental and Occupational Considerations of Anesthesia: A Narrative Review and Update

Environmental impact of commonly used anaesthetic agents: systematic literature review with narrative synthesis

Principles of environmentally-sustainable anaesthesia: a global consensus statement from the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists

OA-SPA Pediatric Anesthesia Virtual Grand Rounds: Environmental Impact of Anesthesia

#TheAnaesthesiaBlog: Anaesthesia and the environment

Simple Green Changes for Anesthesia Practices to Make a Difference

The Glasgow declaration on sustainability in Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care

Project SPRUCE: Saving Our Planet by Reducing Carbon Emissions, a Pediatric Anesthesia Sustainability Quality Improvement Initiative.

It's time for hospital workers to identify and eliminate roadblocks to reprocessing! ASA Monitor June 2023, Vol. 87, 20

CDC: Effects of Climate Change on Health

Why It Makes Good Sense For Hospitals To Use Reprocessed Medical Devices

Stakeholder perspectives on scaling up medical device reprocessing: A qualitative study

The Other Smoking Risk

Nitrous oxide pollution in operating theatres in relation to the type of leakage and the number of efficacious air exchanges per hour

Pollution with nitrous oxide using laryngeal mask or face mask

Excessive N2O consumption due to pipeline leakages detected through integrated financial and carbon accounting

Environmental and economic impact of sustainable anaesthesia interventions: a single-centre retrospective observational study

European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care consensus document on sustainability: 4 scopes to achieve a more sustainable practice

Volatile anaesthetics and net zero: a quantitative approach for spending money effectively

Crockett CJ, Dalal PG, Tjia I, Allen M, Edelstein E, Feng X, French B, Brustowicz RM. A loud call for silence: anaesthesiologists' perceptions of noise in the operating room. Br J Anaesth. 2024 Feb;132(2):444-447. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2023.11.035. Epub 2023 Dec 15. PMID: 38101964.

Crockett CJ, Nylander VE, Wooten EJ, Menser CC. The emergence noise reduction quality improvement initiative to enhance patient safety and quality of care. Paediatr Anaesth. 2022 Nov;32(11):1262-1269. doi: 10.1111/pan.14553. Epub 2022 Sep 15. PMID: 36065511

Human factors in anaesthetic practice part I: facts and fallacies

Human factors in anaesthetic practice. Part 2: clinical implications

Surgical smoke plume: ongoing exposure of anaesthetic and surgical staff to a preventable harm

Roy RC. Agents that came in from the cold: Enflurane, isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane. Anesth Analg. 2025;140(1):205-209. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000007017

Sulbaek Andersen, Mads P., Ole J. Nielsen, Timothy J. Wallington, Boris Karpichev, and Stanley P. Sander. 2012. “Medical Intelligence Article: Assessing the Impact on Global Climate from General Anesthetic Gases.” Anesthesia and Analgesia 114 (5): 1081–85.

Ravishankara AR, Daniel JS, Portmann RW. Nitrous oxide (N2O): the dominant ozone-depleting substance emitted in the 21st century. Science. 2009;326(5949):123-125. doi:10.1126/science.1176985

The Environmental Impact of Inhaled Anesthetics. Accessed January 21, 2025. https://www.asahq.org/about-asa/governance-and-committees/asa-committees/environmental-sustainability/greening-the-operating-room/inhaled-anesthetics

Ozone Hole Continues Healing in 2024 (NASA) https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/153523/ozone-hole-continues-healing-in-2024 Accessed 1/28/2025

Montreal Protocol, (Wikipedia) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal_Protocol#cite_note-6. Accessed 1/28/2025

Internal system malfunction of an anaesthesia workstation due to improper ambient conditions of the operating theatre

Climate Change, Emissions of Volatile Anesthetics, and Policy Making: The Case of Desflurane

Greening the Operating Room (OR) and Perioperative Arena

Ergonomics: making the OR a comfortable place

Schmidt BT, Pun CD, Caropreso B, Hetzel SJ, Lake W, Resnick DK. Use of a laryngeal mask airway decreases radiation exposure during computed tomography-guided percutaneous glycerol rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia. World Neurosurg. 2020 Mar; 135: e230-e236. PMID: 31790838

Lee B, Kim MS, Eum D, Min KT. The radiation environment of anaesthesiologists in the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography room. Sci Rep. 2019 Jun; 9(1): 9124. PMID: 31235744

Wang RR, Kumar AH, Tanaka P, Macario A. Occupational radiation exposure of anesthesia providers: a summary of key learning points and resident-led radiation safety projects. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2017 Jun; 21(2): 165-171. PMID: 28190371

Global Survey of Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Reuse: A Neglected Opportunity for U.S. Health Care to Reduce Climate Impact

Principles of environmentally-sustainable anaesthesia: a global consensus statement from the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists

From garbage to green in the operating room: an anesthesiology resident-led soft plastics recycling quality improvement project

Feldman JM. Managing fresh gas flow to reduce environmental contamination. Anesth Analg. 2012 May; 114(5): 1093-1101. PMID: 22415533

American Society of Anesthesiologists; Committee of Origin: Task Force on Environmental Sustainability, Committee on Equipment and Facilities. Greening the operating room and perioperative arena: environmental sustainability for anesthesia practice. Last revised October 2014.

Trends in greenhouse gas emissions from volatile anaesthetics in 41 countries: 2013–2023

Life cycle assessment of reusable versus single-use disposable forced-air warming blankets

Plastics in anaesthesia and critical care: beyond sustainability

Occupational Safety in Anesthesiology: A Critical Review

Carbon footprint of total intravenous anaesthesia vs. inhalational sevoflurane anaesthesia in adults: a modelling study