Volatile Anesthetics - Revision history

WikiSysop at 14:58, 5 January 2026

2026-01-05T14:58:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:58, 5 January 2026
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	{{Stub Notice}}		{{Stub Notice}}

			:Induction Technique
			:Rapid Induction
			:Low Flow Technique
			:Physiology
			:Seizures-like Signs
			:Toxicity


	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5844267/ Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration: a standard of anesthetic potency]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5844267/ Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration: a standard of anesthetic potency]

WikiSysop at 14:56, 5 January 2026

2026-01-05T14:56:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:56, 5 January 2026
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	Davidson A, Ing C: The Second Randomized Trial to Suggest You Shouldn’t Change Your Anesthetic in Infants to Avoid Neurotoxicity. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):799–801.		Davidson A, Ing C: The Second Randomized Trial to Suggest You Shouldn’t Change Your Anesthetic in Infants to Avoid Neurotoxicity. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):799–801.

	~~Ji SH, Kang P, Cho SA, Park JB, Jang YE, Kim EH, Kim JT, Kim HS, Jung HJ, Jung HA et al~~: Effects of Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil on Neurodevelopment of Children after Inhalation Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial~~. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):827–834.~~		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40923823/ Effects of Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil on Neurodevelopment of Children after Inhalation Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial]

	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]

	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8513523/ Vital capacity rapid inhalation induction technique: comparison of sevoflurane and halothane]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8513523/ Vital capacity rapid inhalation induction technique: comparison of sevoflurane and halothane]

WikiSysop at 14:54, 5 January 2026

2026-01-05T14:54:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:54, 5 January 2026
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	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34254587/ Mechanisms underlying neonate-specific metabolic effects of volatile anesthetics]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34254587/ Mechanisms underlying neonate-specific metabolic effects of volatile anesthetics]

	1. McCann ME, de Graaff JC, Dorris L, Disma N, Withington D, Bell G, Grobler A, Stargatt R, Hunt RW, Sheppard SJ et al: Neurodevelopmental outcome at 5 years of age after general anaesthesia or awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): an international, multicentre, randomised, controlled equivalence trial. Lancet (London, England) 2019, 393(10172):664–677.		McCann ME, de Graaff JC, Dorris L, Disma N, Withington D, Bell G, Grobler A, Stargatt R, Hunt RW, Sheppard SJ et al: Neurodevelopmental outcome at 5 years of age after general anaesthesia or awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): an international, multicentre, randomised, controlled equivalence trial. Lancet (London, England) 2019, 393(10172):664–677.

	2. Sun LS, Li G, Miller TLK, Salorio C, Byrne MW, Bellinger DC, Ing C, Park R, Radcliffe J, Hays SR et al: Association Between a Single General Anesthesia Exposure Before Age 36 Months and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Later Childhood. Jama 2016, 315(21):2312–2320.		Sun LS, Li G, Miller TLK, Salorio C, Byrne MW, Bellinger DC, Ing C, Park R, Radcliffe J, Hays SR et al: Association Between a Single General Anesthesia Exposure Before Age 36 Months and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Later Childhood. Jama 2016, 315(21):2312–2320.

	3. Hu D, Flick RP, Zaccariello MJ, Colligan RC, Katusic SK, Schroeder DR, Hanson AC, Buenvenida SL, Gleich SJ, Wilder RT et al: Association between Exposure of Young Children to Procedures Requiring General Anesthesia and Learning and Behavioral Outcomes in a Population-based Birth Cohort. Anesthesiology 2017, 127(2):227–240.		Hu D, Flick RP, Zaccariello MJ, Colligan RC, Katusic SK, Schroeder DR, Hanson AC, Buenvenida SL, Gleich SJ, Wilder RT et al: Association between Exposure of Young Children to Procedures Requiring General Anesthesia and Learning and Behavioral Outcomes in a Population-based Birth Cohort. Anesthesiology 2017, 127(2):227–240.

	4. Johnson SC, Pan A, Sun GX, Freed A, Stokes JC, Bornstein R, Witkowski M, Li L, Ford JM, Howard CRA et al: Relevance of experimental paradigms of anesthesia induced neurotoxicity in the mouse. PloS one 2019, 14(3):e0213543.		Johnson SC, Pan A, Sun GX, Freed A, Stokes JC, Bornstein R, Witkowski M, Li L, Ford JM, Howard CRA et al: Relevance of experimental paradigms of anesthesia induced neurotoxicity in the mouse. PloS one 2019, 14(3):e0213543.

	5. Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Hartman RE, Izumi Y, Benshoff ND, Dikranian K, Zorumski CF, Olney JW, Wozniak DF: Early exposure to common anesthetic agents causes widespread neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain and persistent learning deficits. JNeurosci 2003, 23(3):876–882.		Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Hartman RE, Izumi Y, Benshoff ND, Dikranian K, Zorumski CF, Olney JW, Wozniak DF: Early exposure to common anesthetic agents causes widespread neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain and persistent learning deficits. JNeurosci 2003, 23(3):876–882.

	6. Davidson A, Ing C: The Second Randomized Trial to Suggest You Shouldn’t Change Your Anesthetic in Infants to Avoid Neurotoxicity. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):799–801.		Davidson A, Ing C: The Second Randomized Trial to Suggest You Shouldn’t Change Your Anesthetic in Infants to Avoid Neurotoxicity. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):799–801.

	7. Ji SH, Kang P, Cho SA, Park JB, Jang YE, Kim EH, Kim JT, Kim HS, Jung HJ, Jung HA et al: Effects of Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil on Neurodevelopment of Children after Inhalation Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):827–834.		Ji SH, Kang P, Cho SA, Park JB, Jang YE, Kim EH, Kim JT, Kim HS, Jung HJ, Jung HA et al: Effects of Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil on Neurodevelopment of Children after Inhalation Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):827–834.

	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]

	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8513523/ Vital capacity rapid inhalation induction technique: comparison of sevoflurane and halothane]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8513523/ Vital capacity rapid inhalation induction technique: comparison of sevoflurane and halothane]

WikiSysop at 14:53, 5 January 2026

2026-01-05T14:53:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:53, 5 January 2026
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	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]

			[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8513523/ Vital capacity rapid inhalation induction technique: comparison of sevoflurane and halothane]

WikiSysop at 14:51, 5 January 2026

2026-01-05T14:51:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:51, 5 January 2026
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	7. Ji SH, Kang P, Cho SA, Park JB, Jang YE, Kim EH, Kim JT, Kim HS, Jung HJ, Jung HA et al: Effects of Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil on Neurodevelopment of Children after Inhalation Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):827–834.		7. Ji SH, Kang P, Cho SA, Park JB, Jang YE, Kim EH, Kim JT, Kim HS, Jung HJ, Jung HA et al: Effects of Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil on Neurodevelopment of Children after Inhalation Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):827–834.

			[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]

WikiSysop at 11:50, 16 October 2025

2025-10-16T11:50:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:50, 16 October 2025
Line 89:		Line 89:

	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34254587/ Mechanisms underlying neonate-specific metabolic effects of volatile anesthetics]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34254587/ Mechanisms underlying neonate-specific metabolic effects of volatile anesthetics]

			1. McCann ME, de Graaff JC, Dorris L, Disma N, Withington D, Bell G, Grobler A, Stargatt R, Hunt RW, Sheppard SJ et al: Neurodevelopmental outcome at 5 years of age after general anaesthesia or awake-regional anaesthesia in infancy (GAS): an international, multicentre, randomised, controlled equivalence trial. Lancet (London, England) 2019, 393(10172):664–677.

			2. Sun LS, Li G, Miller TLK, Salorio C, Byrne MW, Bellinger DC, Ing C, Park R, Radcliffe J, Hays SR et al: Association Between a Single General Anesthesia Exposure Before Age 36 Months and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Later Childhood. Jama 2016, 315(21):2312–2320.

			3. Hu D, Flick RP, Zaccariello MJ, Colligan RC, Katusic SK, Schroeder DR, Hanson AC, Buenvenida SL, Gleich SJ, Wilder RT et al: Association between Exposure of Young Children to Procedures Requiring General Anesthesia and Learning and Behavioral Outcomes in a Population-based Birth Cohort. Anesthesiology 2017, 127(2):227–240.

			4. Johnson SC, Pan A, Sun GX, Freed A, Stokes JC, Bornstein R, Witkowski M, Li L, Ford JM, Howard CRA et al: Relevance of experimental paradigms of anesthesia induced neurotoxicity in the mouse. PloS one 2019, 14(3):e0213543.

			5. Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Hartman RE, Izumi Y, Benshoff ND, Dikranian K, Zorumski CF, Olney JW, Wozniak DF: Early exposure to common anesthetic agents causes widespread neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain and persistent learning deficits. JNeurosci 2003, 23(3):876–882.

			6. Davidson A, Ing C: The Second Randomized Trial to Suggest You Shouldn’t Change Your Anesthetic in Infants to Avoid Neurotoxicity. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):799–801.

			7. Ji SH, Kang P, Cho SA, Park JB, Jang YE, Kim EH, Kim JT, Kim HS, Jung HJ, Jung HA et al: Effects of Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil on Neurodevelopment of Children after Inhalation Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Anesthesiology 2025, 143(4):827–834.

WikiSysop at 16:39, 10 October 2025

2025-10-10T16:39:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:39, 10 October 2025
Line 87:		Line 87:

	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]

			[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34254587/ Mechanisms underlying neonate-specific metabolic effects of volatile anesthetics]

WikiSysop at 16:36, 19 August 2025

2025-08-19T16:36:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:36, 19 August 2025
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	[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5844267/ Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration: a standard of anesthetic potency]		[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5844267/ Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration: a standard of anesthetic potency]

			[https://journals.lww.com/anesthesiology/fulltext/2025/09000/clinical_and_genetic_factors_associated_with.17.aspx Clinical and Genetic Factors Associated with Intraoperative Minimum Alveolar Concentration Ratio: A Single-center Retrospective Cohort and Genome-wide Association Study]

	[https://www.apsf.org/apsf-technology-education-initiative/low-flow-anesthesia/ APSF: LOW-FLOW ANESTHESIA]		[https://www.apsf.org/apsf-technology-education-initiative/low-flow-anesthesia/ APSF: LOW-FLOW ANESTHESIA]

WikiSysop at 21:34, 15 April 2025

2025-04-15T21:34:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:34, 15 April 2025
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	[https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/fulltext/2025/01000/agents_that_came_in_from_the_cold__enflurane,.27.aspx Agents That Came in From the Cold: Enflurane, Isoflurane, Desflurane, and Sevoflurane]		[https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/fulltext/2025/01000/agents_that_came_in_from_the_cold__enflurane,.27.aspx Agents That Came in From the Cold: Enflurane, Isoflurane, Desflurane, and Sevoflurane]

			[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1551155/ Rapid inhalational induction of anaesthesia with isoflurane or halothane in humidified oxygen]

WikiSysop at 01:02, 29 January 2025

2025-01-29T01:02:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:02, 29 January 2025
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	Eger EI, 2nd. Characteristics of anesthetic agents used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2004;61 Suppl 4:S3-10. (In eng). DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/61.suppl_4.S3.		Eger EI, 2nd. Characteristics of anesthetic agents used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists 2004;61 Suppl 4:S3-10. (In eng). DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/61.suppl_4.S3.

			[https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/fulltext/2025/01000/agents_that_came_in_from_the_cold__enflurane,.27.aspx Agents That Came in From the Cold: Enflurane, Isoflurane, Desflurane, and Sevoflurane]