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Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS):<br />
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a) Measures saturation of arterial blood only<br />
<br />
b) Relies on pulsatile flow for function<br />
<br />
c) Correlates with slowing of EEG potentials at values 40% or more below<br />
baseline<br />
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d) Cerebral and somatic values will both decrease in hyperventilated patients<br />
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e) Cerebral and somatic values will both decrease in anemic patients<br />
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==Answer==<br />
Answer e. NIRS measures saturation in both venous and arterial blood, and<br />
represents an average blood and tissue saturation; it does not depend on<br />
pulsatility for detection of arterial signal (as does pulse oximetry). Its somatic<br />
and cerebral measurements are affected by changes in oxygen delivery and<br />
consumption, and values more than 20% below baseline or less than an absolute<br />
value of 40% are associated with slowing of EEG potentials and neurological<br />
damage. A fall in cerebral compared to somatic rSO2 values may indicate<br />
hyperventilation or a malpositioned aortic cannula, as hyperventilation will<br />
decrease perfusion to the brain via cerebral vasoconstriction.<br />
==Notes==<br />
<references /><br />
:This question originally printed in the [http://www.amazon.com/Justin-L.-Lockman/e/B00FLG5AEE/ref=ntt_dp_epwbk_0 Pediatric Anesthesiology Review Topics] kindle book series, and appears courtesy of Naerthwyn Press, LLC.<br />
==Keywords==<br />
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