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</td></tr></table>WikiSysophttps://pedsanesthesia.net/wiki/index.php?title=TYK188&diff=486&oldid=prevmetawikimedia>DrBobGreenberg at 18:48, 9 March 20162016-03-09T18:48:15Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>__NOTOC__<br />
Which of the following statements is CORRECT?<br />
<br />
a) Right and left ventricular outputs in the fetus are almost identical before birth<br />
<br />
b) Functional closure of the foramen ovale follows the increase of systemic<br />
vascular resistance and decrease of pulmonary vascular resistance at birth<br />
<br />
c) Placental transfer of drugs and toxins put the fetus at increased risk because all<br />
blood from the umbilical veins bypasses the fetal liver<br />
<br />
d) The ductus arteriosus is the first fetal shunt to functionally close in the postnatal<br />
period<br />
<br />
e) Oxygen saturation in the descending aorta is similar between a fetus and a 5<br />
year-old child<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="mw-customtoggle-TYK_Answer" style="text-align: right; color:#0000ff">Click for Answer</div><br />
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==Answer==<br />
Answer b. <br />
<br />
The ratio of right to left fetal cardiac outputs is 1.3:1; about 50% of<br />
umbilical venous blood flow actually goes to the liver; the first shunt to<br />
functionally close after the first breath of the neonate is the foramen ovale; blood<br />
with the highest oxygen saturation perfuses the upper part of the fetal body, the<br />
lower part receives less well saturated blood, largely because of preferential<br />
streaming of desaturated blood from the superior vena cava into the right<br />
ventricle toward the pulmonary artery from where it shunts back into the<br />
systemic circulation via the ductus arteriosus and thereby lowers the saturation<br />
in the descending aorta.<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
:This question originally printed in the [http://www.amazon.com/Justin-L.-Lockman/e/B00FLG5AEE/ref=ntt_dp_epwbk_0 Pediatric Anesthesiology Review Topics] kindle book series, and appears courtesy of Naerthwyn Press, LLC.<br />
==Keywords==<br />
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